AIX OS: Security And Hardening
Learn enterprise AIX security, hardening, compliance, trusted execution and vulnerability protection.
What is AIX Security Hardening?
Security hardening is the process of securing an AIX operating system by reducing vulnerabilities, disabling unnecessary services, enforcing password policies and implementing compliance controls.
By default, AIX does not include antivirus software, therefore administrators must configure native AIX security features.
Security Goals: 1. Protect System Files 2. Restrict Unauthorized Access 3. Prevent Malware Execution 4. Monitor User Activity 5. Apply Security Patches 6. Maintain Compliance
Trusted Computing Base (TCB)
TCB is a native AIX security architecture used to secure system administration. It provides Role Based Access Control (RBAC) and separates security duties.
TCB Administrative Roles
isso = Information System Security Officer sa = System Administrator so = Security Officer
Each role has limited permissions to reduce misuse of privileged access.
isso Responsibilities: - Password Policies - Security Configuration - Audit Configuration - User Clearance
sa Responsibilities: - User Creation - Filesystem Management - Printer Configuration - Routine Administration
so Responsibilities: - System Shutdown - Backups - Error Logging - Workload Management
Switch Role to Security Officer
$ su - so $ swrole so $ shutdown -Fr
Disable TCB
odmget -q attribute=TCB_STATE PdAt | \ sed 's/tcb_enabled/tcb_disabled/' | \ odmchange -o PdAt -q attribute=TCB_STATE
Enable TCB
odmget -q attribute=TCB_STATE PdAt | \ sed 's/tcb_disabled/tcb_enabled/' | \ odmchange -o PdAt -q attribute=TCB_STATE
Trusted Execution (TE)
Trusted Execution is a file-integrity enforcement mechanism: it verifies binaries and scripts against a Trusted Signature Database (TSD) of digitally signed trusted files. It is not antivirus or malware scanning.
When TE checks are enabled, AIX validates executables and scripts against that database at run time.
Enable Trusted Execution
trustchk -p TE=ON
Enable Binary Verification
trustchk -p CHKEXEC=ON
Enable Script Verification
trustchk -p CHKSCRIPT=ON
Block Untrusted Execution
trustchk -p STOP_UNTRUSTD=ON
Important TE Components: TSD = Trusted Signature Database trustchk = Integrity Verification Tool
aixpert - AIX Security Expert
aixpert is an AIX hardening utility used to apply predefined enterprise security policies.
Hardening Levels
low = Basic Security medium = Moderate Security high = Maximum Security
Low Level Security
- Basic password complexity
- Disables unnecessary services
- Minimal operational impact
Medium Level Security
- Restricts system configuration access
- Disables IP forwarding
- Enforces stronger policies
High Level Security
- Disables Telnet
- Disables FTP
- Disables rlogin
- Disables TFTP
- SSH/SFTP enforced
Apply Security Profiles
aixpert -l low aixpert -l medium aixpert -l high
Check Current Security Level
aixpert -t
Password Hardening
Password policies help prevent unauthorized access and brute-force attacks.
Important Password Controls: minage maxage minlen histsize maxexpired loginretries
View User Security Attributes
lsuser -a minage maxage minlen histsize root
Modify Password Policy
chuser minlen=12 histsize=5 maxage=8 root
SSH Security Hardening
SSH should be used instead of insecure remote access services like Telnet.
Secure SSH Configuration (/etc/ssh/sshd_config): PermitRootLogin no MaxAuthTries 3 AllowUsers admin PasswordAuthentication no
Restart SSH Service
stopsrc -s sshd startsrc -s sshd
Audit Configuration
Auditing records system activities for security monitoring and compliance.
Audit Records Include: - Login Attempts - Failed Access - File Modifications - Administrative Actions
Audit Commands
audit start audit shutdown audit query
Vulnerability Assessment and Penetration Testing (VAPT)
VAPT is performed to identify vulnerabilities and security weaknesses in enterprise systems.
VAPT Process: 1. Vulnerability Scan 2. Risk Analysis 3. Penetration Testing 4. Remediation 5. Compliance Verification
IBM FLRTVC
FLRTVC stands for Fix Level Recommendation Tool Vulnerability Checker.
It identifies missing security patches, unsupported filesets and HIPER vulnerabilities.
Common Checks: - Missing Security Fixes - End of Support Risks - Vulnerable Filesets - HIPER APARs